Odd Job:
If I didn't know better, given all the things we use a SSN for, I would have also assumed it to have at least a photo if not more security features. I blink my eyes in disbelief every time I look at it.
Mine is on a powder blue card, about the size of a business card. There doesn't seem to be anything special about the paper. No flecks of color. No threads. Printed, in red, I think, is a standard border with "Social Security" at the top (I guess so that a thief can readily identify it). On the back are some instructions, like what to do if lost or something like that. And the number itself is typed, as if with an old typewriter, in black in the middle of a blank field. As issued, it isn't laminated in plastic, just plain paper.
A few years ago, at least in Florida, credit card theft was so rampant that it became illegal for a merchant to require a credit card as a form of ID. So, in its place, a lot of people started using their SSNs. Now it's become a de-facto ID number for things like your college student ID number, your health care insurance ID number, your basic identifying number at the bank, even though you can change your accounts to be named with an alias.
If you are arrested you have to give your SSN. I know this because I did a search on myself and, to my surprise, found that I'd been arrested. Well, it wasn't actually me, and from the record it is obvious what happened. The idiot picked four sequential SSNs and gave them to the police, one being mine. I haven't bothered to get it corrected because it's so obvious from the file what happened.
This sloppily-secured number, once obtained, can be put to a lot of misuse. If you are willing to stick your neck out a little (like a criminal would be) you can get my credit report, including my credit card numbers and other account numbers. You might be able to start collecting social security in my name. I'd then have to defend that with a lawyer. You could open a checking account using it and write a load of bad checks. I would find out about this next time I went to use a check. As long as I filed a police report, the bank would clear that account, but it would be a pain. You could get a house loan or car loan in my name.
All these things can be fixed, but it takes forever on the phone and by mail, and often requires a lawyer and takes a couple years.
You can sometimes convince the SS department to issue you a new SSN, but then you have to go through making sure everything you want linked to the new one is handled. I have heard you can have trouble getting jobs because employers might have trouble doing background checks or getting college records.
I can only speak for around here (FL) but I suspect that most places are the same, in that the driver's license is the main form of ID used in the US. That has a photo and, in FL, has some sort of holographic security thing and a magnetic stripe (if memory serves). It's what is required when you write a check to someone you don't know. The SSN doesn't get involved.
So the DL is a very important piece of ID.
Now get this one. In FL the DL number is made up of simply-coded information about you, like your birth year. So I'm not so sure that it couldn't be synthesized from other information. Back in the old days, before it had a photo, my brother gave my DL # and name when stopped to get out of a traffic ticket. My mother found out and raised hell and made him go downtown and sign an affidavit clearing me. I never even knew until I came home to visit.
So I'd say the state of having secure ID here in the US is pretty crappy.
Somebody said we can use our passports. While that's technically true, most people don't. Since most sales clerks aren't the most dedicated or experienced employees, a lot of them will just look at it and wonder what it is. Then you'll have to wait for a manager to show up and they'll probably accept it reluctantly.