Police can demand ID, high court rules

FrankDrebin

Depends on the totality of the circumstances. In this case, I would say that this scenario equals probable cause with or without the name. Especially considering how many big blue guys one would be likely to find around the corner just after a robbery. You're not arresting him for robbery based on his refusal to give his name. You're either arresting him based on the description, or on a charge of refusing to give his name.
Then again, what if there are four big blue guys -- or 100 big blue guys -- around the corner and they ALL refuse to give their names? Do the police arrest all of them on suspicion of robbery; even though they know that 3 -- or 99 -- of them are totally innocent of a crime; but also that 3 -- or 99 -- of them will be fined $250 each for refusing to answer?

At that point, the exercise becomes one of revenue enhancement -- one of the primary functions of the police these days.
 
Simply name one law or SCOTUS ruling that has not been abused or taken to its farthest extreme subsequent to its implementation.

What does the fact that peoples' rights are violated have to do with Supreme Court rulings? They're going to be violated with or without a ruling that favors the police. That's why we have the exclusionary rule, among other things that aren't mentioned anywhere in the constitution. The rulings give the police guidelines to work withing. They don't give the police the right to violate the guidelines. I'm sure every ruling has been violated. That's the point of having rules in the first place, to draw a line between a violation and acceptable practice. Just because the line is moved one way or the other doesn't mean it was a bad ruling because someone might step over the line one way or the other.
 
Then again, what if there are four big blue guys -- or 100 big blue guys -- around the corner and they ALL refuse to give their names? Do the police arrest all of them on suspicion of robbery; even though they know that 3 -- or 99 -- of them are totally innocent of a crime; but also that 3 -- or 99 -- of them will be fined $250 each for refusing to answer?

If there are that many guys around the corner who fit the description, and the description is that vague, I would say you didn't have reasonable suspicion to stop any of them, let alone compel them to ID themselves. If the complainant said the guy looked like Pappa Smurf, and all the other blue guys looked like baby Smurf, that would be different. It would also be different if you just took the lady around the corner and she pointed out the right blue guy.
 
Thank you. That was the perfect answer to my query. Simply stated, you said "All of them".

So what's your point? People abuse every law that's ever been broken. So we shouldn't have laws? If the speed limit was raised to 70, and 85% of traffic travels at 70, it was bad to change the speed limit because some people drive at 80?

Incidentally, do you think the Miranda warning is a good thing or a bad thing? It's not required by the constitution or any of the amendments. What about the exclusionary rule? There is nothing in the constitution that says the government has to exclude evidence that was seized illegally. Why should we let guilty people go because the police screwed up? Isn't there a better sanction that would keep society's right to be free from criminals intact? Why not suspend the cop for one day without pay and still prosecute the guy who was running a meth lab?
 
FrankDrebin

So what's your point? People abuse every law that's ever been broken. So we shouldn't have laws? If the speed limit was raised to 70, and 85% of traffic travels at 70, it was bad to change the speed limit because some people drive at 80?
I guess you missed my point. I was not speaking of the public's propensity to break the laws but the propensity of the authorities to abuse the laws and take those laws to their farthest and wildest extremes.

Seizure and forfeiture: Enacted to seize ill-gotten gains from druglords and drug kingpins. Within a short time it was being used to seize charter aircraft for chartering the wrong passenger, houses of landlords who rented to the wrong people, automobiles of Johns who visited prostitutes, automobiles with a firearm in them even though allowed by state constitutional law, etc.

R.I.C.O.: Enacted to go after the Mob. Within a short time it was being used to seize the automobiles and assets of abortion protesters.

U.S.A.P.A.T.R.I.O.T.A.C.T.: Enacted to give broad powers to the government to prevent and investigate terrorist avtivities in the United States. Within a short time Attorneys General began using it to convict drug pushers under the aspect of their drugs being a chemical weapon of mass destruction.

All of the above are examples of government abuse and taking laws to their farthest and wildest extreme.
 
See? SEE????? I....TOLD.....YOU...

that it was a mistake to piss off King George.

Who's up for gettin the tea back out of the harbor?

:barf:
 
Well, OK officer, my name is Lavan. But I'm NOT showing you the pictures of the wife and kids!

.....2004 stand of the true patriot!

:barf:
 
All

So if I get pulled over by a cop for an infraction and I roll the window down one inch and push my driver's licence, proof of registration, and proof of insurance through the crack; and when he takes it roll the window up, turn my back to him and refuse further intercourse with him am I in violation of this ruling?

I say "No".

If, after he writes the violation and presents it for signature, I roll the window down three inches, sign the cite and shove it back through the window am I in violation of this ruling?

I say "No".

All I have done is assure myself of being cited for the violation; even if he were in the mood to issue a simple warning.

He may, however, be p---ed off at my attitude and use his power to further harm me by seeking violations other than those for which I was stopped. He may demand to give the vehicle a safety chack or to make me wait while a dog comes out to hit on my car; and rest assured that the dog will, indeed, hit on my car. The dog does what it is told to do by the handler and if he tells it to alert on my car it will do exactly as it is told.

I am under no obligation -- moral, legal, or social -- to communicate with him; not even so much as a grunt or a shake of the head. I am under no obligation whatsoever to even acknowledge his presence on this Earth as a human being. Once he writes the cite, and his PC is satisfied, I should be allowed to procede. Yeah. Right.
 
So if I get pulled over by a cop for an infraction and I roll the window down one inch and push my driver's licence, proof of registration, and proof of insurance through the crack; and when he takes it roll the window up, turn my back to him and refuse further intercourse with him am I in violation of this ruling?

I say "No".

Depends what he pulled you over for. But it's really a moot point because he can order you out of the car anytime he wants without even reasonable suspicion. Refuse to get out, and you're under arrest.


He may demand to give the vehicle a safety chack or to make me wait while a dog comes out to hit on my car;

Once he's done writing the ticket, he can't make you wait for the dog.
 
FrankDrebin

Depends what he pulled you over for. But it's really a moot point because he can order you out of the car anytime he wants without even reasonable suspicion. Refuse to get out, and you're under arrest.
I said he pulled me over for an infraction. I don't have to refuse to exit the vehicle. I also do not have to face him, talk to him, acknowledge him. I would merely exit the vehicle, leave my keys in the ignition and lock the doors upon exiting.
Once he's done writing the ticket, he can't make you wait for the dog.
And if he writes the citation ssssllllloooooowwwwwwlllllyyyyyyyyy?
 
The majority didn't agree.
Can a majority be wrong? Or, more explicitly ... is it possible that a single member of that majority made the wrong call?
Which court said that?
The Supreme Court in COFFIN v. U.S., 156 U.S. 432. But I'd argue (and Justice White's majority agrees) that it can be observed as a basic ideal - whether universally observed or not - of the US justice system since it's inception.
I always thought that one of the jobs of the court was to balance the rights of the few to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures, among other things, against the right of the many to be free from criminal victimization. In other words, to decide what is reasonable.
Isn't that the job of the legislature? To decide those things as they pass their laws?
Care to give me an example of when it wouldn't be reasonable to require someone who is detained with reasonable suspicion to identify themselves?
To "require"? Or to ask? I make this distinction because I can't think of a time when it would be unreasonable for the officer to ask, but I can think of plenty of occasions where it would be unreasonable to arrest and punish individuals for not responding to the request to the officer's satisfaction.
 
I said he pulled me over for an infraction. I don't have to refuse to exit the vehicle. I also do not have to face him, talk to him, acknowledge him. I would merely exit the vehicle, leave my keys in the ignition and lock the doors upon exiting.

I'd say probably not.


And if he writes the citation ssssllllloooooowwwwwwlllllyyyyyyyyy?

Depends how slowly. If a reasonable officer would have done it faster, and you can show that he delayed the stop, then it would be an ureasonable seizure at the point the stop went from the length of time it would take a reasonable police officer to complete a ticket and run your name through the computer, to the time it went to stalling.

Isn't that the job of the legislature? To decide those things as they pass their laws?

I don't know, is it? Does the legislature decide points of law in court?

To "require"? Or to ask?

To require. Give me some examples of when it would be unreasonable to require someone to ID themselves after being lawfully seized.
 
jimpeel:

So if I get pulled over by a cop for an infraction and I roll the window down one inch and push my driver's license, proof of registration, and proof of insurance through the crack; and when he takes it roll the window up, turn my back to him and refuse further intercourse with him am I in violation of this ruling?

I am under no obligation -- moral, legal, or social -- to communicate with him; not even so much as a grunt or a shake of the head. I am under no obligation whatsoever to even acknowledge his presence on this Earth as a human being.
Jim, you are quite the happy fellow.

A perfect example of what really breeds the "US vs THEM" mentality. Keep up the good statesmanship. You are doing wonders for civilian/cop relations. I'm sure that you look at it one sided though and think, "Boy, was that Cop short with me!" and scurry to your Internet Boards to say what a JBT this/that Cop was. Look in the mirror, look at your personal attitude/bias. Are you really helping to improve things or just grinding your own axe? Wouldn't you rather be part of the good fight, part of a positive force?

All the best
 
Does the legislature decide points of law in court?
No, they decide them in session.
To require. Give me some examples of when it would be unreasonable to require someone to ID themselves after being lawfully seized.
The unreasonableness is not in the asking at the time, it is in the punishing of the individual after the fact.
It isn't unreasonable for the officer to ask, but every time a person is punished for only the crime of not revealing their name - where they broke no law other than not identifying themselves when Officer FriendlyCop asks them their name - that is an unreasonable prosecution.

Frankly, I don't even see it as unreasonable to continue to detain someone in such a situation (assuming, of course,

Of course, if you simply wanted me to come up with hypotheticals ...
1. If the officer in question is using his authority to wrongly intimidate someone. The person giving their name knows well that as soon as the officer has it, they'll have their home address, social, etc. Since intimidation is a tool that is often well used by police to good effect, it isn't hard to imagine someone being afraid - in most cases, unnecessarily so - of giving that officer their home phone number and home address.
2. An individual frightened after a dangerous situation (car accident, mugging, self defense shooting) might not be in a condition to present their identification in a timely fashion.
3. I wonder if and how this law would apply to children? No, I don't think any reasonable police officer would arrest a crying eight year old lost Sally for not revealing their name because mommie said not to talk to strangers, but I wonder how the law would apply to minors and imagine that there is plenty of room for misapplication there.

Okay to ask, not okay to punish for noncompliance.
 
The unreasonableness is not in the asking at the time, it is in the punishing of the individual after the fact.

After the fact? When are they SUPPOSED to be "punished"? And how else do you compell someone to comply except with the fear of punishment?


where they broke no law other than not identifying themselves when Officer FriendlyCop asks them their name - that is an unreasonable prosecution.

You don't have to break a separate law to be subject to "punishment". If the police have reasonable suspicion to stop you, even if you haven't broken a law, and you run when they say "stop", you're guilty of a crime. And now you can be charged when they have a reason to seize you even though you haven't broken a law and they tell you to identify yourself and you refuse. There are plenty of times when police legally seize someone who has done nothing illegal.

Of course, if you simply wanted me to come up with hypotheticals ...
1. If the officer in question is using his authority to wrongly intimidate someone.

Could you be a little less vague, and give me a more specific example? Stopping someone just to "intimidate" them doesn't sound like reasonable suspicion to me. I asked for examples of reasonable suspicion stops where it would be unreasonable to expect someone to ID themselves.

2. An individual frightened after a dangerous situation (car accident, mugging, self defense shooting) might not be in a condition to present their identification in a timely fashion.

You watch too much TV. In 20 years, I've never dealt with a crime or crash victim who was conscious who was too frightened to identify themselves in a timely fashion, unless they were wanted for something. But to address your scenario, if the totality of circumstances showed that the elements of the crime of failing to ID, or obstructing were met, then the person could be charged. One of the elements of the various state or local statutes would probably have something to do with "reasonableness". Also, you have to ID yourself at a car crash anyway. That has nothing to do with the new law. It's already a crime to fail to ID yourself at a traffic crash. Mugging victim? No reasonable suspicion of a crime there? If the victim doesn't want to make a report, they don't have to. Self-defense shooting? There's likely plenty of reasonable suspicion there, if not probable cause for an initial arrest. I really don't think it's unreasonable to require someone who just shot someone else to ID themselves whether they were "frightened" or not. How about some "real world" examples?


I don't think any reasonable police officer would arrest a crying eight year old lost Sally for not revealing their name because mommie said not to talk to strangers

There's no reasonable suspicion of a crime there.

but I wonder how the law would apply to minors and imagine that there is plenty of room for misapplication there.
People under 17 are generally not arrested, but rather "detained". But I see no reason why a minor over the age of reason that can be charged with any other crime couldn't be charged with this one. Such crimes by minors are usually handled in some other way than traditional arrest ajudication. Repeat offenders or incorrigibles are different.
 
I believe the best part of threads like this is how many more nails the blind Defenders of the Faith, the Statists, drive into the coffin of police/government relations with the citizenry. The defenses amount to nothing more than convenient Spin and excuses. They ensure that those of us with the resources will test the limits and that attitudes will continue to deteriorate.

Another thing I find interesting is how well this SCOTUS ruling dovetails with the announcement yesterday of the program the goobermint is about to pursue of mandatory mental health checks. Myriad laws to make us all felons. Myriad health problems to make us all crazy. Unrestrained demands from police to make certain we all comply. Felons don't have rights. Crazy felons have even fewer rights. And if you won't identify yourself then you surely MUST be a crazy felon, right? :rolleyes:
 
After the fact? When are they SUPPOSED to be "punished"?
I think you're deliberately misreading my posts.
Of course when punishment is appropriate, it should be meted out after the fact.
My point was that particular punishment (after the officer contact) is inappropriate.
And how else do you compell someone to comply except with the fear of punishment?
Well ... that's kind of the point, isn't it? I don't think that level of compulsion is appropriate at such a low level of suspicion. It seems perfectly appropriate to you. I have the feeling that this disconnect is preventing any sort of real discussion.
You don't have to break a separate law to be subject to "punishment".
Isn't that what I just said?
There are plenty of times when police legally seize someone who has done nothing illegal.
Sure. But when it is determined that they've done nothing illegal, they're usually released. The problem is that keeping your mouth shut is illegal.
Could you be a little less vague, and give me a more specific example? Stopping someone just to "intimidate" them doesn't sound like reasonable suspicion to me. I asked for examples of reasonable suspicion stops where it would be unreasonable to expect someone to ID themselves.
*sigh*
I should draw pictures.
There were two possibilities I listed in that example. One where the officer abuses his authority and the stopped individual understandably refuses to deliver the information.
The other was where the officer practices the stuff he learned in the academy about using a commanding voice and presence but goes a little overboard and the individual he's stopped becomes genuinely fearful that this is a case of the former. Of course, there are steps the individual should take such as requesting the officer call his supervisor, but not everyone knows that. I can absolutely see someone clamming up when the spittle starts flying.
You watch too much TV. In 20 years, I've never dealt with a crime or crash victim who was conscious who was too frightened to identify themselves in a timely fashion, unless they were wanted for something.
I've never witnessed a plane crash.
How about an injury then?
About five years ago, I fell out of a tree and suffered from a concussion and contusion. According to witnesses, I was walking, talking and apparently concious and had no visible sign of injury, but was unsteady on my feet and unable to respond to questions. I kept asking where I was and who close family were.
This is all stuff I've learned after the fact, as I don't recall much of anything from that day or the subsequent day, much less immediately after the accident. Had the circumstances been just slightly different and an officer approached me walking unsteadily because he suspected me of public intoxication, I'd have been unable to procure any sort of identification or even tell him who exactly I was.
There's no reasonable suspicion of a crime there.
Depends on the totality of the circumstances.

Frank, for a most part this decision probably won't change things much. It leaves the option to allow stop and identifies up to the individual state. In the majority of situations, it'll probably work out fine. I'll tell the cop who I am. No problem. The thing is, I can entirely understand people wanting either to keep their mouth shut around police or make a stand against increasing police authority on principal. I tend to get a little short-winded when approached by an officer in the course of his duties myself.

(To clarify for you jumpy folks, "make a stand" is not used to imply any sort of force or violence against anyone.)
 
Sure. But when it is determined that they've done nothing illegal, they're usually released. The problem is that keeping your mouth shut is illegal.

The police often release people who have been stopped with reasonable suspicion without having been able to determine that they've done nothing illegal. I think it's reasonble to compel people in these circumstances to let us know who they are.


Of course, there are steps the individual should take such as requesting the officer call his supervisor, but not everyone knows that.

The police are under no obligation to call a supervisor whenever they are requested to by a citizen.


About five years ago, I fell out of a tree and suffered from a concussion and contusion. According to witnesses, I was walking, talking and apparently concious and had no visible sign of injury, but was unsteady on my feet and unable to respond to questions. I kept asking where I was and who close family were.

Did the police compel you to identify yourself?

Had the circumstances been just slightly different and an officer approached me walking unsteadily because he suspected me of public intoxication, I'd have been unable to procure any sort of identification or even tell him who exactly I was.

It's not a crime to be drunk in public. No reasonable suspicion there either.
 
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