Yet at the same time, I've had #6 field loads fail to put down a sixty pound coyote at fifteen yards and fail to incapacitate a small bobcat hung up on a high fence when shot at dang near contact distance.Ive never shot a shotgun into ballistics gelatin but I have shot a few hogs between the blinkers with copper plated 5"s while turkey hunting. It killed the snot out of them. I shot one at about 25 feet while he was looking at that camo blob leaning up agains a big swamp chestnut trying to figure out what it was. It took off the top of his head.
I have no doubt that a single 7.62x39 round from an AK can drop an aircraft if it impacts at just the right spot, and yet most folk likely won't want rely upon that degree of luck if their self preservation is on the line.I have no doubbt that a load of #4's or larger will kill you at across the room distances without blowing through the walls of you house and killing the neighbors. Anyone who has hunted with a shotgun, has little doubt the effect of small pellets up close. Ive seen a load of number 6's turn a duck inside out at a few yards. While he doent have the mass of a human, I know being hit up close would take the fight out of you, and cause devastating wounds.
Best guess for HD Ultimate HD alloy shot penetration is somewhere between lead birdshot and lead buckshot.
I never tire of this subject