New Orleans would be robber takes flight after being disarmed. Legality questions

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I was told by a lawyer that EVERYTHING is against the law......but they enforce the ones they want to.

For isntance its against the law to feed a stray cat (I break that one everyday...somtimes 5 times a day)

Its also against the law for a women to wear high heal shoes downtown.:D

Its against the law to use drano in your pipes here.;)

You can drink alcohol on one particular street here during certain hours......but theres one block that you cant and technically you would have to throw your drink out to cross the street...once across the street you could buy another drink and keep walking.:D

I thought about throwing my drink way up in the air and catching it on the other side.:p

One city here banned people letting their pants sag showing their underwear.:o
 
SerenityNetworks said:
I am not an attorney and I sadly recognize that our laws and the language used within the 'professional' body of knowledge that phrase our laws is so convoluted as to render it impossible for anyone other than a 'professional' to fully understand the language and apply it. Yet that said, I believe the Texas Penal Code that I quoted in my first post provides just the example you are seeking.
There's nothing in that piece of Texas Code that authorizes a person to use deadly force because he believes a fleeing suspect might commit a crime in the future. The Texas code does permit -- under very limited circumstances -- the use of deadly force to prevent the "imminent commission of arson, burglary, robbery, aggravated robbery, theft during the nighttime, or criminal mischief during the nighttime..." It also permits using deadly force, again under restricted circumstances, to prevent someone fleeing with your property. But that's quite different from shooting someone in the back because you, as a private citizen, believe he's likely to commit a crime after he leaves. Private citizens are much more limited than law enforcement in what they can do in that situation.
 
Just throwing something out, but...how can we always be sure the bad guy is "fleeing" and not just running for cover to reload and reengage? The fact that someone is running away from us is not necessarily proof positive he is exiting the scene and fleeing for his life. It's quite arguable he/she is just trying to get to a more favorable position.
 
If he's running away, he has ceased to be a threat. If he then turns around and threatens to attack again, from cover or otherwise, then you'd be justified in defending yourself from a renewed threat.

You really, really don't want to have to explain to a jury why you shot him in the back.
 
I would ask fora bench trial in that situation.

No Jury involved.

I assure you if I ever get robbed and I have my gun and the guy turns and runs I'm dropping him with multiple shots. he could decide to turn around at any moment and shoot me....he decides he can be identified and does not want to leave a witness.

I will then wait for the police and ask for my attorney.

If I ever walk out of home and a person is in my vehicle and I order them to "get on the ground" and they fail to obey I will assume they are reaching for a weapon and I will defend my life with deadly force.

bad as it may be I didn't make the choice to "steal and "rob" and then fail to follow direction. Like the cops say....."I'm going home tonight"
 
VANYA:
There's nothing in that piece of Texas Code that authorizes a person to use deadly force because he believes a fleeing suspect might commit a crime in the future. The Texas code does permit -- under very limited circumstances -- the use of deadly force to prevent the "imminent commission of arson, burglary, robbery, aggravated robbery, theft during the nighttime, or criminal mischief during the nighttime..." It also permits using deadly force, again under restricted circumstances, to prevent someone fleeing with your property. But that's quite different from shooting someone in the back because you, as a private citizen, believe he's likely to commit a crime after he leaves. Private citizens are much more limited than law enforcement in what they can do in that situation.
As I stated earlier, I'm not an attorney and the 'language of the law' is beyond the ability of those not professionally trained in law to interpret. To my point, I quoted a portion of the Texas code (which upon re-reading I find may not be the pertinent code anyway) and we both interpret it quite differently. You state, "There's nothing in that piece of Texas Code that authorizes a person to use deadly force because he believes a fleeing suspect might commit a crime in the future. Then you say, "The Texas code does permit... ...the use of deadly force to prevent the "imminent commission..." I had read the same phrase, "imminent commission", as indeed referring to future acts. (Although how long of an interval the law allows for 'imminent' is not known to me.)

As I re-read the code I initially quoted, I started thinking it quite bizarre that deadly force may be used if, "the land or property cannot be protected or recovered by any other means; or the use of force other than deadly force to protect or recover the land or property would expose the actor or another to a substantial risk of death or serious bodily injury." It reads to me as if the law places the future protection of 'land or property' ahead of the protection of human life. Looking further and reading code sections 9.31 to 9.34, I find this to be even more apparent (and appaling). In the code dealing with persons, the language repeately uses the word "immediate"; not even "imminent". So you may be correct that the law does not provide for the use of deadly force when immediately following a failed armed assault the criminal threatens life (although for property it may be okay?).

I believe we both have stated that a person needs to understand the law of the jurisdiction they are within. I personally am coming away from this discussion knowing:
  • My understanding of the law is weaker than I had thought, regardless of whether I would be right or wrong on this particular issue.
    • Therefore I need to continue/redouble my efforts in reading and reflecting upon common cases where force and deadly force may be encountered; such as dealing with a disarmed &/or fleeing assailant, and when away from my home.
    • Therefore I need to expand my 'list of governing principles/guidelines' that will give me the best shot at staying within the law in an unexpected situation.
For me, this has been an 'academic' discussion, as I just wouldn't shoot at someone fleeing unless there were some immediate and grave provocation. For me, threats would not meet the criteria needed for deadly force. However, for others I definitely can see how it would meet moral and ethical criteria as they would take threats against self or family with deadly seriousness; which leaves question the 'would it be legal'.

Anyway, I feel like I'm bordering very closely on hijacking the OP's initial question, which pertained to New Orleans. And I've said all I can say without studying more (which I will do, but it won't be tonight). Thank you for the discussion. Hopefully it benefits others as well.

Regards,
Andrew
 
If I ever walk out of home and a person is in my vehicle and I order them to "get on the ground" and they fail to obey I will assume they are reaching for a weapon and I will defend my life with deadly force.
This is exactly the sort of statement a zealous prosecutor would use against one in a defensive shoot.
 
Tom Servo,

You do not understand how the law works in Alabama.

When your vehicle is parked at your home.....it becomes part of your home.

So if I walk out and a guy in in my car its the same as him being in my house.


The D.A.,police and private citizens ar TIRED of METH heads robbing and stealing.

They get sent to jail and they are back on the streets in a week.....well if they dont have room for them in jail they damn sure have room for them in the cemetery.

No one WANTS to shoot anyone but we have run out of options other than to just hand over everything we own. Thats not going to happen. I have family to provide for.

Have a nice weekend sir.
 
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:-) I'm with you on that. It looks like it went to Utah, Washington, and maybe even Tennessee before getting to and then moving on from Texas. :-)

It expanded to other states when someone mentioned stand your ground laws obliquely.

From Tennessee v. Garner - 471 U.S. 1 (1985)

The Supreme Court of the United States said:
"have probable cause . . . to believe that the suspect [has committed a felony and] poses a threat to the safety of the officers or a danger to the community if left at large."

We can hang our hat on that one, but we'd be putting all our eggs in one basket... if we lived in Michigan, we'd be able to cite People v Crouch 1990 where their court held that Garner did not apply to ordinary citizens who were still protected by the fleeing felon rule of common law.

If we were in Nevada.. Not so much. STATE v. WEDDELL
The STATE of Nevada, Appellant, v. Rolland P. WEDDELL, Respondent.

No. 34832.

-- July 25, 2001


Points to legislative action by the state of Nevada that all but repealed the fleeing felon rule.
Nevada Courts said:
Primarily, we conclude that the legislature indicated its disapproval of the use of deadly force by private persons when it repealed NRS 200.160(3) in 1993 and at the same time enacted NRS 171.1455.   NRS 200.160(3) had been a codification of the common law fleeing felon rule.

However, as a Washington resident, I could use this- (and I'm going to get the terms wrong here... suggestively but not authoritatively? It's persuasive but not precedent? Dunno what I'm looking for here tho I'm now pretty sure persuasive is one of them)-
Nevada Courts said:
NRS 171.1455 limits the use of deadly force by police officers when making or attempting a felony arrest.3  Furthermore, in enacting NRS 171.1455, which restricts an officer's use of deadly force and circumscribes the application of the common law fleeing felon rule to law enforcement, the legislature has disavowed the unbridled use of deadly force.

Combined with this:
Washington Law Makers said:
Legislative recognition: "The legislature recognizes that RCW 9A.16.040 establishes a dual standard with respect to the use of deadly force by peace officers and private citizens, and further recognizes that private citizens' permissible use of deadly force under the authority of RCW 9.01.200, 9A.16.020, or 9A.16.050 is not restricted and remains broader than the limitations imposed on peace officers." [1986 c 209 § 3.]
from RCW 9A.16.040
Justifiable homicide or use of deadly force by public officer, peace officer, person aiding.
Which seems to define a "person aiding" as
Washington Lawmakers said:
(c) When necessarily used by a peace officer or person acting under the officer's command and in the officer's aid:
As it's unlikely we'll be acting under an officer's command, this would not apply to us, however, Given that legislative recognition AND
Washington Lawmakers said:
(i) To arrest or apprehend a person who the officer reasonably believes has committed, has attempted to commit, is committing, or is attempting to commit a felony;
If the general public is legislatively recognized as having broader access to deadly force, one must infer any time an officer or person aiding may use deadly force is also permissible for an ordinary citizen.

Of course, and again, this is all primarily an intellectual exercise. Not many of us here would even want to shoot a fleeing suspect and would much prefer wetting ourselves in relief after disarming such a person. But I enjoy these types of debates, and always learn more about the laws I have to obey so they're a nice dual purpose. :)
 
Plumbnut said:
Tom Servo,

You do not understand how the law works in Alabama....
And you do not understand how the law works at all. Where did you go to law school? How long have you been a member of the Alabama Bar? How long have you practiced law?

Your fatuous opinions are based on third hand information, marginally reliable sources such as news reports which by their nature provide only limited information and often omit legally significant detail, wishful thinking and misunderstanding. There is no reason anyone should pay attention to them. I certainly don't.

Let's understand the basic reality of the use of force in self defense.

  1. Our society takes a dim view of the use of force and/or intentionally hurting or killing another human. In every State the use of lethal force and/or intentionally hurting or killing another human is prima facie (on its face) a crime of one sort or another.

    • However, for hundreds of years our law has recognized that there are some circumstances in which such an intentional act of violence against another human might be legally justified.

    • Exactly what would be necessary to establish that violence against someone else was justified will depend on (1) the applicable law where the event takes place; and (2) exactly what happened and how it happened.

  2. If you have thus used violence against another person, your actions will be investigated as a crime, because on the surface that's what it is.

    • Sometimes there will be sufficient evidence concerning what happened and how it happened readily apparent to the police for the police and/or prosecutor to quickly conclude that your actions were justified. If that's the case, you will be quickly exonerated of criminal responsibility, although in many States you might have to still deal with a civil suit.

    • If the evidence is not clear, you may well be arrested and perhaps even charged with a criminal offense. If that happens you will need to affirmatively assert that you were defending yourself and put forth evidence that you at least prima facie satisfied the applicable standard justifying your act of violence.

    • Of course, if your use of force against another human took place in your home, as you postulate, your justification for your use of violence could be more readily apparent or easier to establish -- maybe.

      • Again, it still depends on what happened and how it happened. For example, was the person you shot a stranger, an acquaintance, a friend, a business associate or relative? Did the person you shot forcibly break into your home or was he invited? Was the contact tumultuous from the beginning, or did things begin peaceably and turn violent, how and why?

      • In the case of a stranger forcibly breaking into your home, your justification for the use of lethal force would probably be obvious. The laws of most States provide some useful protections for someone attacked in his home, which protections make it easier and a more certain matter for your acts to be found justified.

      • It could however be another matter to establish your justification if you have to use force against someone you invited into your home in a social context which later turns violent.

Good, general overviews of the topic can be found at UseofForce.us and in this booklet by Marty Hayes at the Armed Citizens' Legal Defense Network.

Sometimes a defensive use of lethal force will have grave consequences for the defender, even when ultimately exonerated. For example --

This couple, arrested in early April and finally exonerated under Missouri's Castle Doctrine in early June. And no doubt after incurring expenses for bail and a lawyer, as well as a couple of month's anxiety, before being cleared.

Larry Hickey, in gun friendly Arizona: He was arrested, spent 71 days in jail, went through two different trials ending in hung juries, was forced to move from his house, etc., before the DA decided it was a good shoot and dismissed the charges.

Mark Abshire in Oklahoma: Despite defending himself against multiple attackers on his own lawn in a fairly gun-friendly state with a "Stand Your Ground" law, he was arrested, went to jail, charged, lost his job and his house, and spent two and a half years in the legal meat-grinder before finally being acquitted.

Harold Fish, also in gun friendly Arizona: He was still convicted and sent to prison. He won his appeal, his conviction was overturned, and a new trial was ordered. The DA chose to dismiss the charges rather than retry Mr. Fish.

Gerald Ung: He was attacked by several men, and the attack was captured on video. He was nonetheless charged and brought to trial. He was ultimately acquitted.

Some good folks in clear jeopardy and with no way to preserve their lives except by the use of lethal force against other humans. Yet that happened under circumstances in which their justification for the use of lethal force was not immediately clear. While each was finally exonerated, it came at great emotional and financial cost. And perhaps there but for the grace of God will go one of us.

And note also that two of those cases arose in States with a Castle Doctrine/Stand Your Ground law in effect at the time.

Plumbnut said:
...I have family to provide for...
Which you won't be able to do from prison.
 
JimDandy said:
It expanded to other states when someone mentioned stand your ground laws obliquely.
The original post was set in New Orleans, Louisiana, so Texas law has nothing to do with it. And "stand your ground" doesn't enter into the discussion because the scenario presented is not a "stand your ground" scenario. Stand your ground laws allow you to defend yourself without first having to attempt to flee. In the case presented, the assailant has been disarmed and HE is attempting to flee. He is no longer a threat to the victim. I don't believe there is anything in any state's stand your ground law that permits an armed victim from shooting an UNarmed assailant in the back as the assailant is fleeing.

Feel free to cite specific laws if I am incorrect.
 
The original post was set in New Orleans, Louisiana, so Texas law has nothing to do with it.

And the third post opened up discussing other jurisdictions and how it varies from place to place with this reference...
In some localities, there are laws that allow the use of lethal force on a fleeing criminal who has committed certain crimes.

Which is how we got into Texas and Washington.

As far as Stand Your Ground, you are correct, I "mis-spoke" as a layman. The terminology I was looking for was apparently the common law Fleeing Felon Rule which I discussed a couple posts up, and won't waste bandwidth repeating.
 
Mr. Frank Ettin,

I dont need to be a lawyer.

I personally know the current and the past 2 district attorneys and have been advised of my rights under the current interpretation of the law here in my county.

So when did you move to Alabama and talk to the D.A. abou defending your person and property?

I also spoke with the Sheriff about this subject just lastnight while eating at a fine mexican establishment.

If you understood anything about the law you would know that when it comes down to it they enforce it the way they want to. Proof of this is in how the same criminals repeat offend time and time again......but as the law reads they should be in jail for life based on their past criminal acts and convictions.

Now are you disputing this? As I said.....dont come to Alabama and commit crimes on a mans property and expect the law to prosceute the land owner........it rarely if EVER happens in Alabama.

Speaking of lawyers though......I've been asked a few questions by law enforcement and just mentioned one particular lawyers name in town and I was immediately handed back my information and told "your free to go sir"
 
The original post was set in New Orleans, Louisiana, so Texas law has nothing to do with it...
I disagree. The OP is from Utah. I believed, and apparently so have others, that the question was not intended to be state specific; even though the jurisdiction in which the victim finds himself may be critical to any final answer. The OP may chime in if he believes the thread has diverged from the purpose of his inquiry.

I understood Frank's point in mentioning 'stand your ground laws' was to contrast shooting an unarmed retreating man to clear cases where even 'stand your ground' was appropriate and the victim still went through horrible ordeals before being exonerated. It is a pertinent observation. I do not believe Frank was trying to say 'stand your ground' applied to this case.

This is a valuable discussion.
 
Plumbnut said:
I dont need to be a lawyer.

I personally know the current and the past 2 district attorneys and have been advised of my rights under the current interpretation of the law here in my county....
And being a lawyer myself I know that you're really not in a position to fully understand the information you believe that you have been given and that you are not qualified to pass on this information.
 
Mr Frank Ettin,

I'm not advising anyone....just stating what i've been told by the very people who enforce the laws in my county.

In south Alabama its a different world here......come down and find out for yourself.....do a littlle research on how the law is enforced here and you will conclude I'm correct.

No hard feeling as your opinion doesn't change anything nor does mine.....just a discussion. Thats why I consulted people who do know.

I assure you if your on a mans property here committing criminal acts the law here is automatically against you.

I heard of one case where the police told the homeowner..."dont answer anyones questions....call your lawyer"
Now what do you think about that?
 
Now what do you think about that?

That it's part of the Miranda warning they have to give you before they arrest you. You're basing your opinion on the guy that's currently in office, and the officer that may or may not respond to your situation/call. That may be a prevailing attitude in your county's law enforcement right now. But that can change, and just as far as the laws on the books let them. Nor does that necessarily mean the guy they don't like gets the same treatment.
 
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