I clean them after every range trip , even if I only fired half box of ammo
also depends how long it's been in storage, if it hasnt been lubed in over 6 months , I check it and if i can still see a wet coat or lube, it's ready to fire
if it's been in storage for a year or more, I usually do a quick field strip and relube before taking it out to the range
but I never put a dirty gun back in the safe, because it could be a long time before I use it again.
surplus firearms that use corrosive ammunition get special care, I use hot soapy water and use a transmission funnel and pour hot soapy water down the bore and clean the bolt and other areas and, before regular cleaning & lube, then I let it sit for a few days before putting it away and check it again, to make sure all the moisture has dried out