90%+ of the whitetails I've taken hunting in Texas have been under 100 yards. However, I have had opportunities at 400+. Antelope have been 250+.
If I don't anticipate long range shots (250+), I'll use my .308.
If there is the possibility of a long shot, I'll use one of my Weatherby's, .257 or .300, depending where I am hunting.
Elk...if there are grizzlies around I'll use a .338 Win Mag. If not, a .300 Weatherby.