someone pointed out that the actions weren't as tight or strong for larger calibers (then again the 12 ga is a big round), that the tube design magazines don't work well with typical rifle ammo (yes, I would assume one could make a magazine fed pump), and lastly the advances with bolt guns come from the military usage,
Larger calibers in rifle rounds generally means longer cases, and high pressures. While the 12ga is physically large (primarily in diameter) it is not a high pressure round.
Where pump guns "fail" compared to bolt actions are the increased complexity of the action, the general difficulty in reaching the same fine accuracy potential, and the lack of the bolt gun's powerful camming action for primary extraction. A slightly over pressure round sticking in the chamber might mean a harder than normal bolt lift a bolt action, but could mean a trip to the gunsmith in a pump.
So, if you are one of the guys who load to max, the bolt is much "better" than the pump.
Also, note that "advances" in bolt actions due to military use essentially ended before WW I.
As to the tube magazine thing, its a yes and no thing. TYPICAL tube mags (found on typical lever guns) don't work well with pointed bullets. (risk of primer detonation). Remington had a series of tube mag rifles (pump and semi auto) before WWII that DID work well with pointed bullets.
The model 14 and 141 (as well as the semiauto 8 & 81) were entirely sporting rifle designs, and used Remington rounds in .25, .30, .32,& .35 calibers. They were rimless rounds, and other than the .35 direct ballistic equivalents to the rimmed Winchester rounds .25-35, .30-30, & .32 Special, but they were loaded with pointed bullets.
AFTER WW II, Remingtion designed a new pump & semi auto, made from the ground up to handle 30-06 class rounds (or shorter) and using detachable box magazines, so bullet nose profile was not an issue.
Economically the pump is cheaper and less complex than the semi auto, but that "advantage" is not what it once was. And, in the field, the rapid fire advantage to the semi has essentially kept the pump deep in the shade since then end of WW II.
Today, the only place a pump rifle dominates are places that have legal restrictions on semi autos.
it is somewhat ironic that a pump shotgun is lauded as being about the best thing going, for rugged dependability, versatility, and simplicity of operation, while a pump rifle is not. Like wise the lever rifle is highly regarded, while the lever shotgun is a real rarity.