About 15 yards
with my Great Granfather’s 7.62x51R x 12 ga.H. Pieper Side by side combo (1892)
I was stalking quietly down a trail and heard a rustling behind me, a big Wisconsin doe was overtaking me.
The Nosler Ballistic Tip in 30-30 brass and a powder puff load of Bullseye put a muzzle velocity of about 1200 FPS and a sound from the long long barrel about like an airgun.
The doe was hit in the heart and tumbled down a hill. I don’t think she took one step. The bullet, in perfect mushroom shape, was recovered inside the opposite side hide.
I remember it was right near sunset and after field dressing, it was a real grunt using ropes and mechanical advantages to get her on top of my car, as my pals had all left earlier.
Those Noslers will open up at very low velocity, even sub-Contender velocity. Good stuff for a gun that is over 100 years old. Nowadays, I’d use Trailboss powder but I’ve retired the gun knowing it’s last shot was for meat in the freezer.