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Government figures show that offences involving possession of weapons have risen by 36% since 1999, while murders with sharp instruments have gone up by a similar proportion since 1997.
The knife problem has become so serious that senior police officers and MPs are calling for a tightening of the law to bring penalties for knife crime more into line with those for gun offences.
Michael Todd, chief constable of Greater Manchester, said knives were the biggest threat his officers faced. His force has become the first to compel its officers to wear stab-proof jackets over their uniforms.
“If someone is carrying a knife they will be prepared to use it,” he said. “We need to change that culture. Only by tightening the law will we get them off the streets.”
Todd wants longer jail terms for knife crime, which the government has no plans to introduce. He is also calling for the minimum age at which it is possible to buy knives to be raised from 16 to 18, a measure the Home Office is considering.
The ease with which young people can buy knives is being partly blamed for the “blade culture”, along with the growing popularity of the weapons among criminals worried at the harsh sentences imposed for carrying firearms.
The figures show that offences of possession of weapons other than guns have gone up from 23,365 in 1998-99 to 32,104 in 2002-03. Knives are by far the most common weapon in this category. Separate Home Office figures show murders with sharp instruments rose from 200 in 1997 to 272 last year.
There is also concern that crimes involving knives are no longer confined to rough inner-city areas but have spilt into more middle-class districts.
Scotland is one of the areas worst affected by knife crime, with more than half of the murders in the country — 68 out of 127 — being carried out using sharp instruments in 2002, the latest year for which figures are available. By contrast, some 27% of killings in England are committed in this way.
“People are having to become streetwise in areas where that was never a consideration,” said Derek Conway, the Conservative MP for Old Bexley and Sidcup, where a 13-year-old boy was stabbed in a motiveless Saturday afternoon attack two years ago.
“It is that knife culture coming to these areas which is terrifying.”
Particular alarm has been caused by the growth in knife crime by schoolchildren. Last month Sir John Stevens, the Metropolitan police commissioner, expressed concern at the growing number of attacks and said some schools would be offered the use of metal detectors at their entrances, a practice already widespread in America.
In a Mori poll of 5,000 children earlier this year for the Youth Justice Board, 42% of young boys said they had carried knives at some stage in the previous year.
Professor Tim Newburn, a criminologist at the London School of Economics, said knives were becoming fashionable among children. “For some people this is to do with image. Knives have become part of the accoutrement of cool youth,” he said.
Knives have helped fuel violence in schools, which has reached record levels. More than 10 children are expelled every day for assaulting a teacher or classmate.
Jayne Walmsley, whose 14-year-old son Luke was stabbed to death last year at Birkbeck school in North Somercotes, Lincolnshire, said only tougher sentencing would reduce knife-carrying by children.
“They are as dangerous as guns but until they face a more severe sentence children of 13 and 14 will still be carrying knives around in the local park,” said Walmsley.
Knife crime is already worrying David Blunkett, the home secretary. In July, he announced he was examining whether carrying a knife should carry equivalent penalties to firearms offences. At present carrying a knife with a blade longer than 3in without good reason can lead to a maximum four-year prison term or a fine.
If the blade is shorter, the punishment could be as little as a £50 fine or a caution. Illegal possession of firearms carries a jail term of five to 10 years.
When he made his announcement, Blunkett said: “We have got to examine for the legislation we are planning to put forward whether . . . we should have equivalent penalties.”
The home secretary also highlighted the phenomenon of criminals turning to knives to avoid lengthy jail sentences with guns. “What has been said to me is that we need to ensure that you are not more likely to get away with it if you are carrying a knife.”
Despite Blunkett’s worries, the Home Office said this weekend that there were no plans to introduce harsher sentences for possession of knives. “The home secretary has indicated he wants to look at tightening up the legislation,” said a spokeswoman. “It is in this context that we are discussing with the Association of Chief Police Officers and trading standards whether to extend the ban on the sale of knives from the under-16s to the under-18s.”