A glock 10mm and a 4" .357 are not my ideal choices for deer hunting handguns, but will serve well, within their limitations, and those of the shooter.
Generations of hunters have taken a LOT of deer with the 158gr .357. I don't believe you need a 180. From what I have read on the internet (must be true, right?) nothing less than the 180 seems to work. OF course, this is false, but it keeps being said.
My biggest objection to the Glock 10mm (besides being a glock-which is a personal style thing for me) is the fact that it is essentially a service class pistol, in a powerful caliber. Generally sights and triggers are not as good as the ones found on "hunting pistols".
If your 10mm has good sights (adjustable much preferred), and a decent enough trigger to let you shoot it well at range (forget what you can do at 7yds in 3seconds, etc.), then by all means, enjoy it and hunt with it. Many pistols of that type simply don't measure up to my standards for hunting.
Again, that could be just me...
It is interesting that complete penetration is so recommended for hunting and so strongly dis-recommend for self defense. Personally I believe in complete penetration being very useful, for both, but again, that seem to be just me, these days.
One thing for certain, if the bullet exits (or stop just under the skin of the far side,
penetration was adequate!
More important than the caliber or the bullet is the shooter's ability to put the bullet in the RIGHT place.
A 6" gets you more speed (and everything that comes from it) than a 4", as well as a longer sight radius that permits more accurate shooting, (if
you are capable of using it) but if you shoot the 4" well, and its all you have, you are not inadequate.
you don't need a .44 mag for deer, but if you get one, you can certainly use it to good effect. If you use a .44mag, don't expect to recover many bullets from the deer, though.
I would expect the full house 10mm to be about the same, and with a good bullet, the .357 often has complete penetration as well. With the wrong bullet, ...not so much.
Do not choose the 125gr .357 JHP loads for deer hunting, unless you are fully aware of its limitation, and you have the ability to shoot accordingly.