The lawsuit answers your questions. The paragraph numbers are those in the lawsuit. The case number is 06-cv-0111J if you want to look it up yourself. (Alas, I don't have a key on the keypad to make the little squiggle that means section before 921 and 922.) Regarding the federal law about firearm possession and domestic violence: 14. Under 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(9), persons who have "been convicted in any court of any misdemeanor crime of domestic violence" are precluded from possessing firearms. 15. In 1986, Congress enacted the Firearms Owners' Protection Act, 100 Stat.449, which amended 18 U.S.C. 921(a)(20)'s definition of predicate offenses. 16. That amendment is the current version of 18 U.S.C. 921(a)(20) today, and it demonstrates Congress unequivocally intended that states get to decide who may possess firearms (or who are disqualified). The lawsuit in fact does say 1986, not 1996. Regarding CCW permits: This is in fact one of the major sticking points of the lawsuit. As you write, states -- not the federal government -- have the authority to issue CCWs. But the rub comes in with the BATF's view (as the Wyoming Attorney General sees it) relationship between the CCWs, Federal Firearms License dealers, and National Instant Criminal Searches. The lawsuit states: 8. Under 18 U.S.C. 922(t)(1), FFL dealers must perform a National Instant Criminal Search (NICS) check on firearms purchasers before consummating the sale or transfer. 9. Under 18 U.S.C. 922(t)(3)(A), FFL dealers may forego the NICS check if the firearms purchaser possesses a qualifiying carrying concealed weapon (CCW) permit. 10. Under 18 U.S.C. 922(t)(3)(A), a CCW permit qualifies as an exception to the NICS check if the CCW "permit is to be issued only after an authorized government official has verified that the information available to such official does not indicate that possession of a firearm by [the CCW applicant] would be in violation of law." 11. In Wyoming, the authorized government official is the Wyoming Attorney General. See Wyo. Stat. Ann. 6-8-104. ... 24. In July 2005, the BATF sent a letter to Wyoming's Attorney General threatening to "alert Federally licensed firearms dealers in [Wyoming] that they can no longer accept the [CCW] permits as a NICS check alternative" unless agreed to refrain from issuing CCW permits to persons who received an expungement under Wyo. Stat. Ann. 7-13-1501. See Ex. 3 at 2. So, as I understand the lawsuit, the BATF is not directly invalidating CCW permit. It's telling FFL dealers that they can't accept CCWs of certain people, namely those who have had their misdemeanor domestic violence crimes expunged. Thanks again for writing and your interest in the subject. Tom Morton