Tgst being said, what would you look for in a first pistol? I've read several articles but there is nothing like first hand experience!
What I like to do, is start people who are new to shooting, with a 22lr... Low recoil and a bit less noise... It really helps new shooters, more so those of smaller stature.
You can get a good one for less than $300...
But that isn't always practical for all shooters, as they may not have the funds to get a 22 and then something like a 9mm. 23lr ammo is also harder to find right now.
So... I recommend 9mm. Ammo is cheaper and easy to find, recoil is mild compared to other options, and it's an effective defense caliber if one chooses to use the firearm in such a manner.
Things to look for in a pistol...
It needs to be comfortable in your hands... While one can make do when it doesn't, it's always easier when it does fit well.
All the controls need to be easy for you to use... One shouldn't find controls difficult to use. While I can not activate mag releases and slide stops without adjusting my grip, as my hands are smallish... That is not something I consider a problem. Controls that are stiff and hard to use is a problem.
The slide should be easy to rack/manipulate with speed and force... While most males have no issues with this area, I have seen females struggle with this. An example, my fiance loves her CZ, and can operate it without help, but she can not rack/manipulate the slide easily and with force,so I would not trust her to use that pistol defensively.
The trigger should be clean, without a lot of mush and creep, and not overly heavy nor too light... This aspect is something that more experienced shooters look at, as most new shooters don't really know what to look for in a trigger... But a comparison of different triggers would inform a new shooter to the different dynamics of various triggers at least, and then they can use that to help guide them.
If at all possible, shooting a pistol before deciding to buy, is a good idea. Sometimes the pistol feels good in the hand, but unruly when fired. My fiance had issues with some pistols feeling slick in her hand when firing them... This was as a new shooter, and she has improved and does not have this problem much any longer. So this may not be a concern if you have a little experience under your belt.
Intended use is important... Defense in home and target shooting can have very different needs. Carry tends to favor smaller pistols, good shooting tends to favor bigger.
Unless you are going for bullseye type shooting, most pistols considered good for defense in the home, work well for general fun on the shooting range as well.
Another thing to look into... What kind of action do you want.
Striker fired
Double action/single action
Single action only
Double action only.
Single action only (SA) pistols like the 1911, are easy to learn on, as they tend to have the better triggers... In general, a SA trigger is shorter to pull, if not lighter than other trigger systems, making safety discipline even more important.
DAO pistols have longer trigger pulls, sometimes very long. They can be the hardest trigger to learn for beginners, but if you can master one, you can probably shoot anything well after... Some may have issues with reaching the trigger well on theses types...They may be heavier on average, compared to other types, but the better ones are no heavier than one would think normal. (5-6.5lb pull is considered good for defense and general use... This applies to most trigger types) they are widely used in carry pistols and some duty pistols, as they allow the ability to not have a manual safety, yet still be very safe.
DA/SA is a combination on the other two. When made safe, the trigger is in DA mode, and has a long trigger pull that is typically at least twice as heave as the SA mode. After the first shot, all other shots are in SA mode, though the SA trigger is usually not as short as a SAO trigger. Many iconic pistols use this method... Sig and HK are examples. Some have issues with the transition between two different trigger pulls... But this is a duty and defensive use and training issue, as such matters are not an issue for those just shooting slow at a range. Trigger reach in DA mode is a concern for some as well. If you can not reach the trigger well when holding the pistol lined up straight with the forearm, then the reach may be too long. Though a slight grip adjustment can sometimes help, without compromising your ability to shoot well.
Last is the striker fired type... A very popular action type today. Trigger pulls are longer, close to a DA pull or a bit shorter. Though they tend to be lighter than many DA triggers. Average is 5.5-7lb... They average in feel from DA, to partially tensioned DA, to aa lot of slack with a SAish break. Most have no manual safety, which concerns some people. On the whole, they are just as safe as other actions when handled correctly. They may have a bit less margin of error for mishandling relative to some other types, but it always boils down to user error.
I have an HK VP9, and I recommend it highly. They run around $600.
A new SW M&P is a good option, I love mine. Comfortable and a good shooter. I have a custom trigger in mine, but the new production has a better trigger from the factory than mine did. And the price is great on them right now.
There are several other good options depending on what action type you want. Price will vary, and modern strikers tend to be the most economical options.