A low explosive is usually a mixture of a combustible substance and an oxidant that decomposes rapidly (
deflagration); unlike most high explosives, which are compounds.
Under normal conditions, low explosives undergo deflagration at rates that vary from a few centimeters per second to approximately 400 meters per second. It is possible for them to deflagrate very quickly, producing an effect similar to a detonation. This usually occurs when ignited in a confined space.
Low explosives are normally employed as propellants. Included in this group are gun powders, pyrotechnics such as flares and illumination devices .
Detonation is a process of combustion in which a supersonic shock wave is propagated through a fluid due to an energy release in a reaction zone. It is the more powerful of the two general classes of combustion, the other one being deflagration. In a detonation, the shock compresses the material thus increasing the temperature to the point of ignition. The ignited material burns behind the shock and releases energy that supports the shock propagation. This self-sustained detonation wave is different from a deflagration, which propagates at a subsonic rate (i.e., slower than the sound speed in the material itself). Because detonations generate high pressures, they are usually much more destructive than deflagrations. It is possible to get what is called sympathetic detonation from the shock wave alone.
Brisance is a measure of the rapidity with which an explosive develops its maximum pressure. It is also the reason why you do not want to put smokeless powder into a gun made for black powder