When certain criteria are met, you are authorized to shoot and kill another human being.
No, when certain criteria are met, you are authorized to shoot another human being to prevent him from carrying out a certain class of violent crimes when there is no other reasonable option available to you. If he dies that's acceptable, but I know of no laws that explicitly give someone permission to kill another person--that
authorize a person to kill legally. The laws allow the use of deadly force with the understanding that death MAY result, they aren't about
authorizing citizens to kill.
The reason they don't is because whether the attacker lives or dies is irrelevant to the point of self-defense. If he is uninjured but stops the attack then the goal is accomplished. If he dies but kills the defender first then the goal is not accomplished. Either way, his long term prognosis is irrelevant.
The laws in my state refer to the lawful killing of a human being within strict parameters.
Certainly, a death resulting from the lawful use of deadly force would be a lawful killing. That's not the same thing as saying that the law gives permission to kill. It merely recognizes that death is a possible outcome and notes that if that is the case the death is justified/justifiable.
To understand the distinction, it might help to think about accidental deaths. Some accidental deaths are criminal and can result in the prosecution of those involved. Some are not considered criminal and those involved would not be prosecuted. In the latter case, the law allows those involved to go free--but that's NOT the same thing as saying that the law gives people permission to kill others accidentally. It merely acknowledges that not all accidental deaths involve criminal wrongdoing and that in those cases no prosecution is warranted.
At any rate, the first point is that if the OP is truly in a situation where he feels like shooting the attacker might just make him mad and therefore chooses not to, then deadly force should not be used. Not because it might make the attacker mad but rather because if NOT shooting is really a reasonable option then deadly force is not justified.
The second point is that if the OP is really "trying to kill someone" then he's operating outside the bounds of the deadly force laws. The goal of those laws is the prevention/cessation of certain violent crimes that are imminent or in progress, it's not the death of the attacker.
The third point is that the difference between stopping and killing can be an important distinction from a tactical standpoint. For example, while many people might feel that shooting someone in the head is the best way to kill him, most instructors agree that shooting an attacker center of mass is the best way to stop him with a handgun given the difficulties of hitting a small target and the issues associated with the deflection of handgun bullets off the skull.