Rimmed cases will work fine with the Mauser CRF bolt. Its the case taper and receiver (magazine) where sometimes an adjustment is needed. Also the mauser system (Win M70 original) was chambered in .225 Win a rimmed case.
I had a Siamese Mauser in .45-70 ( a conversion from the original rimmed 8mm round). The action will work.
The primary reason, to me, why the .30 Rem "failed" was it wasn't in a Winchester or Marlin rifle.
Lets be clear about something, the .30-30 was NEVER "handicapped" or "kept from reaching its full potential" due to the actions of its rifles, or the pressure it was loaded to. It met its full "potential" the day it first left the factory floor.
More modern developments, allowing us to increase the .30-30's performance, in some modern guns does not mean the original guns and loads were "handicapped" or held back.
Remember that bolt actions were not particularly popular with deer hunters until well after the end of WWI, and handloaders were much less common than today. Simply put, the advantages of a bolt action, and handloading for top performance were not remotely a large demand, until after WW II, when things began to change. The founders of many of the "big" names in reloading got their starts during or just after WWII, when ammo, and particularly bullets were in short supply.
It wasn't the lack of a bolt gun that eventually killed the .30 Rem, (nor the .25 or .32Rem) it was the lack of a lever gun. The Remington pumps and semiautos were decent, even good guns in their day, but they weren't Win 94s or Marlin 336s. Note that the one cartridge from that Remington family that has survived commercially is the .35 Remington.
The reasons are basically two, first, it was chambered in the Marlin lever gun, and second (a lesser reason) there was no Win cartridge that was a direct competitor.
If you took ten average rifle hunters in the area and era I grew up, 5 would be carrying a Win or Marlin .30 or .32. #6 has a Rem pump or auto (in .30 or .32), #7 has a Savage 99, #8 has a Marlin .35, #9 is carrying a bolt gun, possibly a new commercial, but more likely a sporter Krag or other milsurp, and #10 is carrying what ever he could borrow from his friends, because he sold his deer rifle last spring, and hasn't been able to get another, yet...or a shotgun...
The .25, .30 & .32 Rem didn't offer any significant advantage to the Winchester rounds, the general public was unaware of the advantages handloading in a bolt gun could give nor was the bulk of the deer hunter market much into long range shooting, so the advantage of pointed bullets was essentially moot in those days. So, they all faded away...except the .35, thanks to the Marlin being a popular rifle.