I have an older 188 series Mini Ranch that's labeled .223 on the receiver, yet- it's actually chambered in 5.56...specifically states so in the manual.
A bit confusing, I suspect Ruger did it for political correctness...
I have seen similar confusing "specs" for the .308 Win./ 7.62 x 51 NATO where the two are seemingly used interchangeably. It's interesting that the opposite holds true here, the .308 develops higher chamber pressures than the NATO round.
If the manual is not clear, I would contact the manufacturer for clarification.
With that said, we have shot 5.56 from our Rem.700 bolt (.223) on rare occasions (ammo availability) with no issues, but I'd never do it on a routine basis.