this is all the info you will need about the M1-Carbine i got this out of an old gun book that i have, and i put it in an e-mail to a friend a long time back
in 1940 the Ordnance department provided a set of specifications
and called for designs to meet them. these were to be semiautomatic
(and later also full automatic) carbines. in this instance an entirely new
military cartridge was developed for the short lightweight weapon whose
weight was specified originally at 5.5 pounds. curiously the cartibge developed
was almost identical with the original commercial .32 Winchester autoloading
cartridge of 1905 except the bullet was shorter and lighter.
Guns made by Auto Ordnance, Harrington and Richardson, Hyde, Savage,
Springfield Armory, Winchester, and Woodhell were submitted. the locked-breech
Winchester with it's short stroke action was selected, partily because of it's highly
efficient lock action which resembled the Garand quite closely. the gas operating
system, however, was the type used in the Winchester 1940 rifle.
when adopted, this carbine was cataloged as the U.S. Carbine, Caliber 30 M1.
it has since gone through numerous modifications,including paratroop models and
full automatic designs.
The .30-Carbine cartridge was developed in 1940 by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company at New Haven at the direct request of the U.S. Ordnance Department. the company was furnished with specifications calling for a compact, rimless cased cartridge with a bullt of 110 grains, developing a velocity in the neighborhood of 1800 feet per second from an 18-inch barrel.
the cartridge as originally produced by Winchester had an overall lenght of 1.67" with a case lenght of 1.29" inches.
became our .30 Carbine M1.
it is a most unusual coincidence that the cartridge developed was actually one very close to the .32 Winchester Self-Loading Rifle cartrideg developed by the company for use in it's model 1905 Self-Loading rifle. This is a short, semi-rimmed cartridge case with straight side wall. The slightly altered version was issued to several developers to use in producing carbines for the Government tests. Entered in the tests were two versions of carbines developed by John Garand. Among others Winchester had developed a 7 1/2 pound carbine or experimental rifle for this cartridge. it proved so successful that Winchester undertook the development of a 5-pound carbine to handle the newly accepted cartridge.
they developed the frist handmade sample carbine in the record-breaking time of 14 days. the initial carbine brought out several bugs as was inevitable in such a rush model. by working round the clock for 34 days, the Winchester organization rushed through the model which became the U.S. Carbine Caliber .30 M1. samples of this new Winchester were tested on September 15, 1941 against improved models from Springfield, and by Hyde and Reising, as well as a gas-operated rifle by R.J. Turner. the outstanding superiority of Winchester design was clearly demonstrated.
CARBINE CALIBER .30 M1, M1A1, M2, AND M3,
the carbine was developed to replace the pistols in use by noncommissioned offcers,
special troops, and company-grade officers.
Manufacturers of the carbine were:
WINCHESTER: 809,451 M1 Carbines, 17,500 M2 Carbines, and 1,108 M3 Carbines.
INLAND Maufacturing Div. of General Motors: total of 2,625,000 carbines including
M1s M1A1s M2s and a few M3s.
UNDERWOOD Elliot Fisher: 545,616 carbines.
NATIONAL Postal Meter: 413,017 carbines.
ROCK-OLA Manufacturing-Corp: 228,500 carbines.
STANDARD Products: 247,155 carbines.
SAGINAW: 739,136 carbines.
IBM: 346,500 carbines.
there were more Carbines produced then any other United Staters weapon.
the variations of the carbines are as follows:
Carbine M1-semiautomatic, originally made with L-type flip over
sigth which was replaced with a ramp-mounted aperture adjustable for windage,
sporter-type stock.
Carbine M1A1-same as M1, but has folding-type metal butt stock.
Carbine M2-selective fire, usually found with fixed wooden stock.
Carbine M3-receiver grooved for infra Red "Snooper scope,"
otherwise identical to the M2.