Smiley,
Many experts suggest a .357 magnum revolver as a first handgun. A four-inch Ruger GP100 or S&W 686 is inexpensive (well under your $600 limit), extremely reliable and durable, very accurate, and it fires a very wide variety of both .357 mag and .38 Special rounds. For personal protection, there are few more potent sidearms than a four-inch .357 magnum loaded with a high-quality 125 or 158 grain hollow-point (such as Cor-Bon or Hydra-Shok). In addition, practicing with .38 Special ammunition will keep costs under control. I personally recommend the GP100.
If you only wish to consider semiautomatics, you will have some important decisions to make, including:
a) Single action (like the 1911A1), double action, or double action only?
b) Will a seven round magazine be adequate, or will you want eight or ten rounds?
c) Do you prefer the classic 1911A1-type autoloader (in .45 ACP) or a more contemporary (not to suggest better) design such as Glocks, Sigs, Rugers, H&Ks, etc.?
If you prefer a 1911A1 in .45 ACP, the Kimber Custom and the Springfield Loaded basic models have excellent reputations and are probably available -- if you shop carefully, perhaps via the Internet -- for around $600.
If you want a more contemporary design, you may first wish to determine the "size class" you prefer: Full-size, compact, or subcompact.
Once you have determined the size, I suggest you study the various features provided by the high-quality manufacturers. Sig, for example, has a de-cocker, Glock has its dual-trigger safety system, H&Ks generally have both an external safety and a de-cocker, and so forth. This investigation will likely result in a preference for one or two of the top-quality designs.
You probably can buy a new Glock, Ruger, and most other top-quality autoloaders for about $600; however, a new Sig or H&K is likely a "budget breaker". Nevertheless, excellent used Sig or H&K may be found for around $600.
Based on your pervious posts, I suspect the semiautomatic calibers you'll want to consider include the .40 S&W, the .357 Sig and the .45 ACP. All of these are excellent; discussions regarding which is best are never-ending and a lot like comparing pizza and ice cream. In my opinion (and please understand, this is only one fellow's observation), the .45 ACP round (regardless of the specific autoloader) is the best of the lot.
A final -- and important -- suggestion: Be certain you fire the candidate handguns you've selected before making the purchase. Compare their ergonomics, their hand and arm comfort, their sight picture, and their accuracy. It is most doubtful that a handgun you are uncomfortable with will become a trusted, accurate shooter -- regardless of reputation or cost. Similarly, if you feel fully comfortable with a handgun and it shoots with great accuracy for you, chances are it's a good buy.
Hope this helps and enjoy your new sidearm.
[This message has been edited by RWK (edited September 05, 2000).]