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Hope this will help.
7.62X51 NATO (308 WINCHESTER)
Introduced: 1952
Adopted by Military: 1954
Other Names: T-65
Dimensional Data:
Bullet: .308
Neck: .338
shoulder: .447
Base: .466
Rim: .470
Case Length: 2.01
Ctge Length 2.75
Twist: 10-12
Factory Ballistics:
Bullet: MV: ME: Gun Wgt: Felt Recoil
110gr 3340 2730
130gr 2900 2428
150gr 2860 2730 8lb 14.8
180gr 2610 2720 8lb 17.9 lb
200gr 2450 2670
MAXIMUM CHAMBER PRESSURE: 50,000
Cartridge 7.62 NATO, Test High Pressure
Used to proof test barrels and weapons (Not a Service Charge)
Pressure: 67,500 +- 2,500 psi, avg
Ctge: 412.0-23.5gr
Case: 190-20gr
Bullet; 174.5-3.0gr
Introduced by Winchester as a new sporting cartridge. The .308 is nothing more than the T-65 or the NATO 7.62X51mm military round. The Model 70 bolt-action and 88 Lever action
Winchester were the first American sporting rifles so chambered. It was adopted as the official U.S. military rifle cartridge in 1954, although weapons for it were not ready until 1957. The factories used a special ball-type powder in loading the 308, and it was difficult for the
handloader to equal factory ballistics with the powders then available.
In Power the 308 Winchester is superior to the 300 Savage and almost equal to the 30-06. It delivers about 100 fps less muzzle velocity than the larger 30-06 with any given bullet weight. Most authorities consider the 308 suitable for MOST North American big game, although it's on the light side for moose or big brown bear.
SPRINGFIELD 30-03/30-06
Introduced: 1903
Other Names: Springfield 03
Springfield 30-03
03 Springfield
1903 Ctg: 30-45 (45gr Smokeless)
30-03 Ball Cal. 30 M1
1906 Ctg: Ball Cal. 30 M2
30-06 Sprngfld -06
.30 Govt
Kleanbore
Springfield 06
7.62X63 (Europe)
Changed to 30-06: 1906
Elongated 8mm Mauser Case Necked down.
Elongated 7mm Mauser Case Necked up
30-45 (The 45 stands for the grns of smokless powder used in loading the 1903)
Type: Rimless, Necked, CF
Length: 3.34"
Powder: Nitrocellulose
Primer: Boxer (Lg Rifle)
BULLET:
Type: 1) Hollow point 3380
2) Expanding 2960
3) Expanding 2960
4) Hollow Point 2980
5) Full Jacketed 2800
6) Expanding 2700
7) Hollow Point 2710
8) Soft Point 2710
9) Expanding 2690
10) Hollow Point 2410
11) Full Jacket 2410
12) Soft Point 2410
Diameter: .3086"
CARTRIDGE CASE:
Length: 2.494"
Shoulder: .17"
Neck: .370"
Base to Shoulder: 1.9480"
Case: 2.494"
Overall: 3.340"
Dia:
Rim: .473"
Base: .470"
Neck: .338"
Shoulder: .4410"
Mouth: .3397"
Angle at Neck: 17@030'
PRESSURE LEVEL: 50,000 lbs/sq.in.
Bore Dia:
Min: .300"
Max .3086"
Factory Ballistics:
Bullet: MV: ME: Gun Wgt: Felt Recoil:
55gr (accelerator) 4080 2033
110gr 3370 2770
130gr 3281 3108
150gr 2970 3108
165gr 2800 2872
180gr 2700 2910 8lb 20.0 lb
220gr 2410 2830
NOTE: The 30-06 is a slightly-modified version of the original 1903 cartridge, which was loaded with a 220gr round nosed bullet at a muzzle velocity of 2300 fps. A change was made in 1906 changing the bullet to 150gr and the case shortened by .07", with an increased velocity of 2700 fps. The 30-06 can be chambered and fired in any rifle made for the 1903 round, however, the opposite is not always true.
As indicated in the "Other Names" category the initial Springfield round was designated 30-03 Springfield, and with the modification in 1906 the designation changed to Ball cartridge, caliber 30, Model 1906. As with most all military regalia, the name was shortened to 30-06.
Also located in the other names section, the round was called the .30 Government. The original .30 cartridge was designated the 1903 cartridge, the year it originated. The modified round was designated the 1906 ctg., the year it was modified, with the modified name of 30-06. The first two digits, 30, indicating the caliber of the cartridge, the 2nd two digits, 06, indicating the year of modification.
This designation was necessary as they were limited in the firing of both cartridges as one should not be interchanged with the other in the same rifle. The -03 produced very poor accuracy in the -06.
HJN