Why would some bullets tumble when fired from a gun. The gun is a .357 with a 2-1/2" barrel. Some brands of .38 special tumble and keyhole in a paper target, even at twenty feet or less.
I'm just making an educated guess, but possibly the bore twist might be different because the .357 is far more powerful than .38 special requiring less twist per inch. After all, the .357 pistol is designed for the .357 cartridge.
Often the faster you drive a bullet the less quick a twist you need to stabilize it. Another problem can be too soft of a lead bullet not being properly gripped by the rifling. Can't know for sure but I'd almost bet your looking at both problems, too of soft lead being driven too slow for your gun.
Two things to check to stop the keyholing. Make sure that your revolver barrel's grooves aren't plugged up with lead. Also try a different weight and construction of bullet and see if this helps.
As above....and.
Check the exit end of your chambers. If they are smaller than the bore they can induce erratic bullet performance. Quick and dirty check is to open cylinder and see if a jacketed .357 bullet will go in from the front all the way to the case mouth.
I don't buy the twist difference as likely. For years have done some quality match work with soft loads in .38special cases out of .357mag guns.
Havn't seen this with 158 grain bullets but 200 grain lead going 600 fps or so is marginally stable in the 2" .38 special barrels. It usually gets to the target point on-and then turns sideways. Same thing with some of the heavy,slow moving .455 loads.