The original UN Charter

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CHAPTER V

THE SECURITY COUNCIL

Composition

Article 23

1. The Security Council shall consist of fifteen Members of the United Nations. The Republic of China, France, the Union of Soviet Socialist , the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America shall be permanent members of the Security Council. The General Assembly shall elect ten other Members of the United Nations to be non-permanent members of the Security Council, due regard being specially paid, in the first in- stance to the contribution of Members of the United Nations to the maintenance of inter- national peace and security and to the other purposes of the Organization, and also to equitable geographical distribution.

I really found this part enlightening...

Mainland China is the People's Republic of China. Taiwan is the Republic of China. The government referenced by this document is not the communist government of china, but the Republic.
 
The Republic of China was the representative of the legitimate government of China in the UN until 1971, when they were expelled and the People's Republic of China was admitted.
 
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