Bar Sto does make a 9mm barrel for the .40 226. It is $185.00 plus $10.00 shipping.
Yes the breech faces are different between the 9mm and the .40. The reason that the Bar Sto barrel works is that the extractor on the 226 .40/.357 (and on the 229 .40/.357 by the way, which Bar Sto also makes a 9mm barrel for) extends far enough into the slide to press the 9mm case against the far side breech wall with enough force to retain it. This may be common on many other .40/.357 weapons as well. I can confirm that my Beretta 96 works with a stock 92 9mm barrel. Like on the Sig the Beretta extractor extends in far enough to snug the case against the breech and hold it in place. (Just barely on the Beretta though)
Your probably wondering how can the case be against the far side yet still line up so the primer is centered over the firing pin? The answer to that is that while in the barrel the case is centered over the breech face but during extraction it slides against the far side as it comes out of the barrel.
Why is it important that the case be held in place? If the extractor did not hold the case in place then the cartridge would slip out of from under the extractor and fall into the gun and cause a major problem. Or the case could be knocked loose by the ejector to fall back into the gun. Again not good.
It doesn't take a ton of pressure to hold the case in place. Just enough so it won't drop out of the slide. Just look at a fixed extractor gun to see what I mean. I.E. a 1911 style weapon. Just enough tension to do the job...
The other item that is at least as critical as the extractor issue is that the ejector must still hit the case cleanly to give consistent ejection. Again this will be a model to model issue. Some designs such as the Sig and Beretta work, others probably don't.
Reasons for wanting to convert your .40 to a 9mm can vary. Cheaper ammo, less stress on the weapon, or maybe your like me and you just love those politically incorrect "preban" magazines!
Just remember a few facts about the conversion.
1. ONLY the Bar Sto barrel will work. A SIG 226 9mm barrel will NOT work in the .40. The barrel hood is wider on the .40 by about 0.045 of an inch or so. The hood on a Sig 9mm barrel will not be big enough and it will just rattle around in the slide.
2. This works only on guns chambered from the factory in .40 or .357. You can't go from a 9mm gun to a .40 or .357. It only works the other way around.
3. Factory Sig .40/.357 mags for the 226 (at least all that I have seen) will NOT work with 9mm. The lips have been ground down so they are so far apart 9mm will just drop right through them. You might be able to bend the lips but I wouldn't advise it.
4. Sig 226 9mm mags will work just fine in a .40/.357 226. They will work for all three calibers. As an added bonus you can get 11, 12 or even more rounds of .40/.357 in these mags depending on the make.
I always wanted a 226 but never got around to buying one. When they brought out the .40 version I just had to have one. Now, thanks to the good guys at Bar Sto, I can have my cake and eat it to. A 226 with the new milled SS slide (a big improvement over the old slide IMHO) and with only a barrel swap, my choice of 9mm, .40 and .357 SIG. Yes!
Just remember everything in this post IMHO and I assume no liability if you try any of the things I have described. It worked in my guns and others I have seen but your mileage may vary and the responsibility is yours.
Also Sig does not advise attempting such a conversion and you might void your warranty if you try it. (At least if you told them about it.)
Sorry for the long post but I had the same questions when I was looking at getting a 9mm barrel for my 226. I thought it deserved a thorough answer.
Take Care
PreBanMan