You have it backwards my friend: the 686+ is actually a stronger design than the 686 standard six-shooter.
if you want maximum cylinder strength then you want a seven shot. I went through the same process as you and this is what I found:
1) The seven shot variant appears to have stronger cylinders than the six. On a six-shot, the bore-to-exterior wall thickness is thinner than the bore-to-bore wall thickness. The cylinder wall thickness is on average .092" between the bore and the exterior wall. (thickness between cylinders runs .118"). So the weaker of these two points on a 686 six shot is not the bore-to-bore wall thickness on the bore diameter circle. But this is still not "the weakest spot."
2) The cylinder stop slots on the six-shooter are directly above the chambers; the slots on the seven-shooter are BETWEEN the chambers. This means a 686 Plus has more metal between the chambers and the cylinder circumference than a 686.
3) With the six shot, the weak point is the machined cylinder stop notch in the cylinder wall. It is directly in-line with the cylinder bore for correct cylinder indexing. The cylinder notch on a six shot is machined to a depth of .047" below the exterior cylinder diameter. That leaves the minimum spot on a six-shot gun's cylinder wall as .045" (.092" - .047").
4) the seven shot is built on the same cylinder diameter. The exterior spacing to the cylinder outside diameter is unchanged (.092"). The interior spacing is reduced to fit another bore (.382") onto the same circle. That means .064" is cribbed from each inter-bore wall to get space. That leaves and inter-bore wall of .054" on a seven shot (1.18" - .064"). The cylinder walls on a seven shot are still thicker than the weakest wall point on a six shot.
5) The stop notch is not machined in-line with the bore on a seven-shot. It is offset and does not come into play in these calculations. The engineers built it this way for indexing, but also that it was at least as rugged as the 686 six-shot.
And that is that.
Here is my 686+. It is my favorite (and my wifes) gun that we own.