If you want a permanent bond, then epoxy is what your'e looking for. The stuff is unbelievable - provided you prep the surfaces right. Even the cheap JB weld putty stuff is good to something like 700*F and has a tensile strength many times that of the wood. Depending on the mix, the stuff can be like putty or water to boot.
The most important thing is prep though. Gotta give the stuff something to grab. so the surface has gotta be rough, and free of oils and such. Once the epoxy has hardened, you can get stuff that's resistant to virtually anything save for foundry acid.
I can't quote a specific product by name for you, but a quick google search should help you lots.
places like McMaster Carr and Grainger carry lots of industrial epoxy adhesives.