If the barrel assembly turned at the receiver,the pin in the slot thing,your barrel extension would have turned.The feed ramps and slots for the locking lugs would have turned.
Theoretically,the barrel could screw tighter into the barrel extension,unlikely,the are torqued tight against a shoulder.
A skinny M-4 barrel,maybe if you were really brutal you could twist the barrel.
I doubt you were that brutal without a cheater bar.
But,what is very possible ,through over torquing a muzzle attachment is distorting the bore right where the bullet is released.Remember the threads are amplifying force and the steel is less than 1/8 th in thick.
There are other ways to index than more white knuckles.
I do not have a specified torque figure,but think in terms of 15 to 20 ft lbs rather than more.The right number may be less.
What is done is done.Next time.....