Get the CZ. There's no comparison. I say that as a proud owner of a Mosin and a CZ bolt action. My CZ is a .22, but I'd love to have a centerfire.
I doubt you'll ever get a Mosin as accurate as the CZ. Even with the 7.62X39, you have fairly accurate options such as the Hornady SST.
Recoil is minimal. Even on my Mosin with a Boyd's stock and a slip-on butt pad, it kicks the crap out of me. 40 rounds or so is my comfortable limit because I start to get a migraine after that. Shooting my Mosin when I first got it actually screwed me up and gave me a flinch that took many .22 rounds to cure. I would say, for this reason alone, it's one of the worse options out there for a target shooters' first rifle. They're cheap and very powerful, and they're designed to be something that someone can figure out with little intelligence or instructions. Somebody untrained can pretty easily hit a man sized target with one at 50 yards, and somebody with even a little more training could likely do it to 200 without adjusting the sights. That's what they're designed for. To get a lot of rifles with big bullets in the hands of a lot of people, and make them capable of hitting somewhere in a man-sized target.
The 7.62 should be plenty powerful and accurate enough for deer - though I would also say you'd have great choices in .223 which has even lower recoil and can be shot for pretty much the same price with steel cased ammunition. Steel ammo is going to be less accurate than most of what's out there, but is satisfactory for working on the fundamentals usually.
Making a humane kill at 200 yards with iron sights is pretty difficult with a new shooter. I've struggled at that distance on steel with a 7.62X39 because the ballistics are really not great at longer distances. I would really want a scope if I were shooting much past 100 with one, unless I was really confident I could make the adjustments needed for the ballistics at different distances out to 200.
I don't think you'd be at all disappointed with the CZ. They're very nice rifles.
Also take into consideration that you will hate yourself in a very short time for lugging around a Mosin when you could have had a much lighter rifle
To function well, you will probably either need to buy a nicer Mosin in the $300-400 range or be willing to invest the time in doing a little work to the rifle. When I first got mine, there's no way I could have done anything resembling a follow up shot. The bolt was so sticky I had to grab the rifle in two hands and twist in opposite directions (sometimes while pulling back on the bolt knob) just to open it. It took some time to get that down. Those are the kinds of issues that aren't really conducive to a new shooter or hunter.