36 is the size of the front lens in milimeters. The bigger the better for letting in light and giving you a bright image.
The magnification power to front lens size will also affect the image quality. There is a formula for selecting optics for use in day or night. Off hand I don't remember what it is but the general rule is to have the aperature of the eye end no less than 7 milimeters at full magnification if you intend to use it in dark places. 7 milimeters is the size of a fully dialated pupil.