The harder the bullet material, the more it will wear the barrel. But even FMJ will require hundreds of thousands of rounds to cause wear in a handgun.
Lead is cheaper in most cases and about 98% of my pistol shooting is with lead.
These days I primarily shoot TMJ -- to reduce airborne lead. I've got an elevated blood lead level. It costs more than lead, but I hate scrubbing lead deposits out of barrels.
For Bullseye target work.
Lead wadcutters probably best.
Clean, easily scored holes.
Accurate.
Easy on bore. 50,000 rounds/year common for serious shooter.
Cleaning the copper residue a jacketed round leaves in the barrel is a lot more difficult for me than getting a small amount of lead out. Using a slovent (solvent even ) like Ballistol, I've found that it will get underneath any lead deposits that may be in the barrel and "float"(for lack of a better term) them allowing a patch to remove the deposits. With copper residue, and even using a good copper solvent, I've always had to resort to using a bronze brush to scrub the bore. Now, I don't mind the work involved in scrubbing the bore that much, it's the idea that scrubbing is a good way to nick the crown. With that in mind, the less time a rod/brush/jag spends going in from the muzzle end, the better, is how I feel.
Semi autos, where I can work from the breech, are a bit of a different story. There, I use lead simply because I feel it's a better bullet.
Since I'm a handloader, I shoot mostly lead bullets at
all of my target's. I prefer Mangus hard cast bullet's,
for my target work; particulary in .38 Special,
9m/m, .357 magnum, .44 magnum, and .45 ACP.
I shoot jacketed ammunition through the revolvers with the higher velocities and lead through the ones with the lower velocities--hard cast, of course.
The .38 Special, 148 grain wadcutters, 158 grain semi-wadcutters, and 158 grain round-nose lead bullets are the most accurate in the Model 10, Model 66 and Model 638.
I shoot mostly jacketed bullets indoors, to avoid the lead exposure.
Wadcutters make nice holes and are cheap but in my 38/44 I have never had a load as accurate as the Winchester USA 130grain hardball ammo. It just shoots amazingly well for me, we put it across a chrony one time and the standard devation for 2 cylinders full of the stuff was around 13-14.
Granted I've shot my 38/44 for so long that most everything out of it will hit the intended target, but the 130grain FMJ just runs so well through it, I haven't had anything either lead or jacketed manage to beat it out.
I used to think lead was best for accuracy in handguns but the 130gr. stuff got me more open minded to trying to use jacketed ammo.