Where? Local gun shop, try to support the local stores unless they are a rip off, then get it from where you can get a good deal.
Political Environment? Who cares! You wouldn't let others dictate your life in other matters, why do it when it comes to firearms.
Which model? hmmm, thats a big decision...for self protection and a beginner, I'd recommend a 9mm. Now which 9mm, I'll list a couple known companies and their positives.
Ruger - Inexpensive, rugged, reliable...not the most refined weapon but very good.
Glock - Midrange in cost, extremely durable these babies are tough as nails, very reliable, light plastic wonder.
Sig Sauer - High midrange to expensive, very refined, reliable, accurate.
Size of pistols will depend on your own hand and preference. I'd stay away from subcompacts since this would be mainly a house and range gun, unless you have small hands.
Hope this helps,
~bamf