"Chamfering" or beveling the "charge holes" is usually a reference to lightly breaking the sharp rear edges of the chambers in a revolver.
By beveling the sharp edge, you in effect make the rear opening of the chamber a funnel, and this makes reloads with a speed loader faster.
This is done on revolvers for the same reason automatics have the magazine well opening beveled to speed the insertion of a magazine.
Care must be taken not to make too deep a bevel, since this does weaken case head support slightly.
"Charge hole" is a term long used by S&W to refer to the chambers in a cylinder.