So this bill will force compliance to those who should have been doing their job?
This is a yes, and no, kind of thing. The Feds (and the Fed law) cannot force those who do not work directly for the Federal govt to do anything. Federal agencies (VA, SSA, Air Force, etc.,) the Fed has the authority to order them to do their job better, and do it right. (effectiveness of the order will vary)
Records created by STATE govts, courts, etc. cannot be "forced" by the Fed, directly. The Fed law can order states to comply, but there is no authority to force any specific level of compliance. That must be done by the state govts, and to get them to do so, the Fed offers them money.
ONE of the problems with the system is that different groups use different terms and definitions for things. Another is that the Lautenberg law is so broadly (and to my mind, badly) written that it makes prohibited persons out of people who were not prohibited persons before, and uses criteria that state courts may not even be aware of, when it comes to submittal of various records.
The recent case in focus is the Air Force's failure to report the DV conviction of the Texas killer. Yes, the Air Force dropped the ball on that one,.. sort of. But it appears that they didn't know they had the ball in their hands, because of the differences in bureaucratic standards, regarding terminology and records.
And here, the wording of the Fed law is partially to blame. It has been reported that the Air Force did not have a separate category for domestic violence in their record keeping system. (no doubt that since attention is now being focused on that, it will soon change..)
So a misdemeanor domestic violence conviction (which, under the Lautenberg law is sufficient to make one a prohibited person) was reported as a misdemeanor assault, which does NOT make one a prohibited person. Felony assault does. This double standard in punishment, thanks to the Federal law, and the Air Force's definitions is why the killer "slipped through the cracks".
Another issue, ALSO dealing with various agencies different definitions is the VA, and SSA reporting "prohibited person" status to NICS. Remember the flap over the Trump administration "making it easier for crazy people to get guns"?
Trump didn't do that. What was done was to change some internal standards and definitions, which had NO effect on people legally classed as prohibited persons (via due process and compliance with existing law). Social Security (specifically) was using their own in house criteria to determine if a person was "mentally disabled" enough to qualify for aid. This is fine, its what they are supposed to do.
HOWEVER, those "in house" criteria are NOT the same as the legally required due process to declare a person mentally incompetent and strip them of their 2nd Amendment rights. This is also ok, as long as SSA's in house determination is only applied to "in house" social security matters.
But, this was not all that was being done. SSA's report of an individual's mental incompetence was being reported to NICS, and NICS only has one "box" for that, which is "mentally incompetent = prohibited person". The Trump administration stopped that, stopped the automatic classification of people as prohibited because they were being made prohibited persons WITHOUT the legally required due process being followed.
For that, the media claimed (and still does when the subject comes up) that they made it "easier for crazy people to get guns". A total lie, but one that plays well to their target audience, and one that is accepted by those who simply are not aware of the truth.
The VA has been (is?) doing something similar, Using their own, in house definitions, and reporting those to NCIS as if they were the legal standard definition arrived at through due process of law. They aren't, but again, NICS accepted them as if they were.
To be fair to the FBI/NICS, I do not believe that they are charged with determining the accuracy of the data provided to them, only to use that data in accordance with the regulation and the law. In other words, its not NICS's job to determine if the VA or SSA, or other agencies reporting data to them are lying about the accuracy of the data.