Good on you, checking!
Down Range Dan--Don't be embarrassed--we were all noobs at one time. I like to say that there are no masters, just students at various levels.
Now, CZ9 Joe has it right: "Just don't ever fire a cartridge in a firearm if you are at all uneasy about it without doing the research first."
If you're ever unsure, DON'T!!! We are dealing with fiendish pressures, and hella hot gases here, and you do not want your favorite firearm spitting parts back in your face. Tends to louse up your whole weekend...
As to confusing cartridge designations, there is no rhyme nor reason to them. Cartridges have been named over the years by various systems, none of which takes note of any of the others. You get to know the cartridge names with which you normally deal, and there are always new, oddball, cartridge names out there. Invention and tinkering is a way of life with some gunsmith/cartridge designer/whatnots.
Other Q's?? Don't hesitate to ask! With any 4 shooters, there will be at least 5 opinions, and most are more than happy to share!