For what it is worth, intermediate power high velocity rifle cartridges such as the 5.45x45 and 7.62x39 do not impart permanent damage as a result of the temporary or secondary cavity effect, or if they do they do not do so to any very significant degree or do not do so with any consistency.
If you see the tissue damage that results from these wounds, it is typically limited to tissue that is directly impacted by the projectile or projectile fragments. Any Spitzer FMJ projectile has a tendency to trade ends and tumble after impact, but for the intermediate power rifle cartridges mentioned, this may not happen until the projectile has exited. The 55 grain 5.56x45 cartridge especially has a tendency to break apart at the cannalature when it tumbles, and especially when it strikes bone, and when it does so the fragments can impart extensive tissue damage. But when it doesn't the typical picture seen in soft tissue is a straight hole in which the tissue damage is pretty much limited to the permanent crush injury wound tract.
Obviously, with cartridges of immensely greater power things might well be different. Surgeons typically don't see to many of those gunshot wounds in civilian practice. During the mid to late 1970s intermediate power, high velocity rifle wounds were being seen in greater numbers in civilian practice. Most of these resulted from bring back rifles from Vietnam and some of them found their way into the wrong hands. During a portion of that time I was at the Cook County Hospital Trauma Unit where most of the gunshot wounds that occurred within the city limits of Chicago wound up so we saw a fair number of those.
The surgical dogma that was handed down based on the experience of military trauma surgeons in Vietnam was that all of these high velocity rifle wounds resulted in extensive soft tissue devitalization as a result of tissue stretch in the secondary wound cavity and therefore required extensive debridement. But as time went on, it became clear that this was often not the case, and following this dictum resulted in unnecessarily large incisions and sacrifice of a lot of tissue that turned out to be viable. So the surgical dictum became "treat the wound, not the weapon".
It was found that intermediate high velocity rifle wounds in which the projectile remained intact and did not tumble could usually be quite successfully treated with debridement of a small ellipse of skin at the entry and exit wounds, irrigation of the wound tract with antibiotic solution, and a brief course of systemic antibiotics. Secondary debridement in these cases was not usually required.