Yes. Same with steel. On a progressive, if you missed sorting one out, you feel extra resistance sizing a steel case, but it's OK to shoot again—once, as you said. The fellow with the pit scoring had reloaded his several times, thinking he had discovered a cheaper reloading approach.
The trick is figuring out how many times it is safe, and that will depend on how big your chamber is and how small your die is. So it can vary by the gun and the resizing die dimensions. I should also mention that aluminum always has an oxide layer once exposed to air, and the oxide is abrasive, so I would expect die life to be compromised by a steady diet of aluminum, too.