Are you sure you are reading those tables correctly?
Hodgdon isn't likely to ever list .357 Magnum loads with any bullet or any powder to the low 40,000 psi levels as that is beyond SAAMI max.
What I see on there are CUP loads listed, with the only PSI load listed being the 140 grain FTX. CUP and PSI are not the same and there's no "formula" for a direct conversion from one to the other. They are test results from two different methods.
It's been my experience that while Longshot is one of the best powder in some places (10mm!), and it works well in .357 Magnum, it's never going to give you the most bang for the buck in .357 Magnum. You'll need a better powder to do that.
If you want the absolute maximum speed on the 140gr FTX in .357 Magnum while staying within SAAMI max, you'll be using some powder other than Longshot.
Alliant Power Pro 300-MP may be that powder, but load data is extremely scarce.