Depends on the shot i think, the .17hmr will reach 100 yards easily, and be reasonably accurate with a good rifle, i have take mine rabbit hunting a few times, i tried different rounds.. the "polymer tiped" rounds like Winchesters V-max and Federal V-shok seem to just explode once they enter the target... kills a rabbit, but in an unnecessary way at closer range, i would not trust its penetration on any larger game, i always use the CCI "TNT" hollow point when i hunt with my .17hmr, just seems to penetrate better, tiny hole in.. big hole out
as for bobcat, i have only been out in the bush for them twice, both times i carried a ruger 77/22, which is of course a bolt action .22lr, worked like a charm, though no shots were ever over 60/70 yards, personally, i would load up with the 20 grain "XTP" from Hornady, and feel confident that a decent shot will put em in the dirt, under 100 yards, possibly more but i don't have enough experience to tell